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Problem Definition
Understanding the project objectives and requirements from a domain perspective and then converting this knowledge into a data science problem definition with a preliminary plan designed to achieve the objectives. Data science projects are often structured around the specific needs of an industry sector (as shown below) or even tailored and built for a single organization. A successful data science project starts from a well defined question or need.
 
Source: KDnuggets

Industries/Fields where you applied Analytics, Data Mining, Data Science in 2016?

 2016 % of voters

 2015 % of voters

 2014 % of voters
CRM/Consumer analytics (90)  16.3% 
 18.6% 
 22.2%
Finance (83)  15.0% 
 15.4% 
 10.9%
Banking (74)  13.4% 
 14.3% 
 16.7%
Advertising (66)  12.0% 
 8.9% 
 10.4%
Science (66)  12.0% 
 11.7% 
 13.6%
Health care (66)  12.0% 
 13.4% 
 16.3%
Fraud Detection (61)  11.1% 
 10.0% 
 13.6%
Retail (57)  10.3% 
 9.1% 
 13.6%
Insurance (51)  9.2% 
 7.4% 
 8.6%
E-commerce (49)  8.9% 
 10.3% 
 9.5%
Telecom / Cable (46)  8.3% 
 7.7% 
 9.0%
Social Media / Social Networks (46)  8.3% 
 10.3% 
 8.6%
Software (40)  7.2% 
 6.0% 
 7.2%
IT / Network Infrastructure (40)  7.2% 
 6.6% 
 na
Oil / Gas / Energy (39)  7.1% 
 8.9% 
 9.5%
Education (39)  7.1% 
 10.0% 
 7.7%
Credit Scoring (38)  6.9% 
 7.1% 
 8.1%
Supply Chain (36)  6.5% 
 na 
 na
Medical/ Pharma (36)  6.5% 
 6.0% 
 7.2%
Other (35)  6.3% 
 8.9% 
 13.6%
Investment / Stocks (34)  6.2% 
 4.3% 
 5.0%
Biotech/Genomics (32)  5.8% 
 4.9% 
 6.8%
Manufacturing (31)  5.6% 
 6.9% 
 9.0%
Government/Military (31)  5.6% 
 7.1% 
 6.3%
Search / Web content mining (30)  5.4% 
 6.0% 
 6.3%
Automotive/Self-Driving Cars (25)  4.5% 
 4.3% 
 5.9%
Direct Marketing/ Fundraising (24)  4.3% 
 5.1% 
 7.2%
Mining (23)  4.2% 
 3.7% 
 na
Travel / Hospitality (22)  4.0% 
 2.6% 
 3.2%
Entertainment/ Music/ TV/Movies (22)  4.0% 
 3.1% 
 1.8%
HR/workforce analytics (20)  3.6% 
 6.3% 
 5.9%
Mobile apps (18)  3.3% 
 1.4% 
 2.3%
Agriculture (18)  3.3% 
 2.9% 
 na
Games (16)  2.9% 
 4.0% 
 1.8%
Security / Anti-terrorism (15)  2.7% 
 2.3% 
 2.3%
Social Good/Non-profit (11)  2.0% 
 2.3% 
 1.4%
Social Policy/Survey analysis (10)  1.8% 
 1.7% 
 1.8%
Junk email / Anti-spam (6)  1.1% 
 0.3% 
 1.8%